d351235422 403 Forbidden.. Retrieved 2016-03-13. 64 (11): 113010. Retrieved 2015-11-13. The field itself is a vector quantity:. with the same definitions as above. ^ Weast, Robert C. To a charged dipole we have the next equation:. Since the only quantity that is equal to minus itself is the zero, the expectation value vanishes,. The resulting torque will tend to align the dipole with the applied field, which in the case of an electric dipole, yields a potential energy of.
⟨ p ⟩ = ⟨ S p S ⟩ , {displaystyle langle {mathfrak {p}}rangle =langle ,S,{mathfrak {p}},S,rangle ,} . ^ "D. ISBN0-19-514665-4. it follows that the expectation value changes sign under inversion. Notice that this definition is valid only for non-charged dipoles, i.e. Although there are no known magnetic monopoles in nature, there are magnetic dipoles in the form of the quantum-mechanical spin associated with particles such as electrons (although the accurate description of such effects falls outside of classical electromagnetism). The electron electric dipole moment (EDM) de is an intrinsic property of an electron such that the potential energy is linearly related to the strength of the electric field:. The two bond dipoles do not cancel. where S ⟩ {displaystyle ,S,rangle } is an S-state, non-degenerate, wavefunction, which is symmetric or antisymmetric under inversion: I S ⟩ = S ⟩ {displaystyle {mathfrak {I}},,S,rangle =pm ,S,rangle } . ^ Thomas, Jessica.
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